It’s all the time an excellent follow to know the {hardware} elements of your Linux system working, this lets you cope with compatibility points relating to putting in packages, and drivers in your system utilizing yum, dnf, or apt.
On this article, we will take a look at some helpful Linux instructions that may enable you to to extract details about your Linux system and {hardware} elements.
1. The best way to View Linux System Info
To know solely the system identify, you should utilize the uname command with none change that can print system info or the uname -s command will print the kernel identify of your system.
[email protected] ~ $ uname Linux
To view your Linux community hostname, use the ‘-n’ change with the uname command as proven.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -n tecmint.com
To get details about the Linux kernel model, use the ‘-v’ change.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -v #64-Ubuntu SMP Mon Sep 22 21:28:38 UTC 2014
To get the details about your Linux kernel launch, use the ‘-r’ change.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -r 3.13.0-37-generic
To print your Linux {hardware} structure identify, use the ‘-m’ change:
[email protected] ~ $ uname -m x86_64
All this info might be printed without delay by working the ‘uname -a’ command as proven under.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -a Linux tecmint.com 3.13.0-37-generic #64-Ubuntu SMP Mon Sep 22 21:28:38 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
2. The best way to View Linux System {Hardware} Info
Right here you should utilize the lshw software to assemble huge details about your {hardware} elements equivalent to cpu, disks, reminiscence, usb controllers, and so on.
lshw is a comparatively small software and there are just a few choices that you should utilize with it whereas extracting info. The knowledge supplied by lshw was gathered from totally different /proc recordsdata.
Word: Do keep in mind that the lshw command is executed by the superuser (root) or sudo person.
To print details about your Linux system {hardware}, run the next command.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo lshw tecmint.com description: Pocket book product: 20354 (LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70) vendor: LENOVO model: Lenovo Z50-70 serial: 1037407803441 width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 vsyscall32 configuration: administrator_password=disabled boot=regular chassis=pocket book household=IDEAPAD frontpanel_password=disabled keyboard_password=disabled power-on_password=disabled sku=LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70 uuid=E4B1D229-D237-E411-9F6E-28D244EBBD98 *-core description: Motherboard product: Lancer 5A5 vendor: LENOVO bodily id: 0 model: 31900059WIN serial: YB06377069 slot: Type2 - Board Chassis Location *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: LENOVO bodily id: 0 model: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014 measurement: 128KiB capability: 4032KiB capabilities: pci improve shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi ......
You possibly can print a abstract of your {hardware} info through the use of the -short choice.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo lshw -short H/W path System Class Description ===================================================== system 20354 (LENOVO_MT_20354_ BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70) /0 bus Lancer 5A5 /0/0 reminiscence 128KiB BIOS /0/4 processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz /0/4/b reminiscence 32KiB L1 cache /0/4/c reminiscence 256KiB L2 cache /0/4/d reminiscence 3MiB L3 cache /0/a reminiscence 32KiB L1 cache /0/12 reminiscence 8GiB System Reminiscence /0/12/0 reminiscence DIMM [empty] /0/12/1 reminiscence DIMM [empty] /0/12/2 reminiscence 8GiB SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1600 MHz (0.6 ns) /0/12/3 reminiscence DIMM [empty] /0/100 bridge Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller /0/100/2 show Haswell-ULT Built-in Graphics Controller /0/100/3 multimedia Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller ...
In the event you want to generate output as an html file, you should utilize the choice -html.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo lshw -html > lshw.html
3. The best way to View Linux CPU Info
To view details about your CPU, use the lscpu command because it reveals details about your CPU structure such because the variety of CPUs, cores, CPU household mannequin, CPU caches, threads, and so on from sysfs and /proc/cpuinfo.
[email protected] ~ $ lscpu Structure: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) record: 0-3 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 2 Socket(s): 1 NUMA node(s): 1 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU household: 6 Mannequin: 69 Stepping: 1 CPU MHz: 768.000 BogoMIPS: 4788.72 Virtualization: VT-x L1d cache: 32K L1i cache: 32K L2 cache: 256K L3 cache: 3072K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3
4. The best way to Gather Linux Block System Info
Block units are storage units equivalent to exhausting disks, flash drives, and so on. lsblk command is used to report details about block units as follows.
[email protected] ~ $ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1000M 0 half ├─sda2 8:2 0 260M 0 half /boot/efi ├─sda3 8:3 0 1000M 0 half ├─sda4 8:4 0 128M 0 half ├─sda5 8:5 0 557.1G 0 half ├─sda6 8:6 0 25G 0 half ├─sda7 8:7 0 14.7G 0 half ├─sda8 8:8 0 1M 0 half ├─sda9 8:9 0 324.5G 0 half / └─sda10 8:10 0 7.9G 0 half [SWAP] sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
If you wish to view all block units in your system then embrace the -a choice.
[email protected] ~ $ lsblk -a NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1000M 0 half ├─sda2 8:2 0 260M 0 half /boot/efi ├─sda3 8:3 0 1000M 0 half ├─sda4 8:4 0 128M 0 half ├─sda5 8:5 0 557.1G 0 half ├─sda6 8:6 0 25G 0 half ├─sda7 8:7 0 14.7G 0 half ├─sda8 8:8 0 1M 0 half ├─sda9 8:9 0 324.5G 0 half / └─sda10 8:10 0 7.9G 0 half [SWAP] sdb 8:16 1 0 disk sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom ram0 1:0 0 64M 0 disk ram1 1:1 0 64M 0 disk ram2 1:2 0 64M 0 disk ram3 1:3 0 64M 0 disk ram4 1:4 0 64M 0 disk ram5 1:5 0 64M 0 disk ram6 1:6 0 64M 0 disk ram7 1:7 0 64M 0 disk ram8 1:8 0 64M 0 disk ram9 1:9 0 64M 0 disk loop0 7:0 0 0 loop loop1 7:1 0 0 loop loop2 7:2 0 0 loop loop3 7:3 0 0 loop loop4 7:4 0 0 loop loop5 7:5 0 0 loop loop6 7:6 0 0 loop loop7 7:7 0 0 loop ram10 1:10 0 64M 0 disk ram11 1:11 0 64M 0 disk ram12 1:12 0 64M 0 disk ram13 1:13 0 64M 0 disk ram14 1:14 0 64M 0 disk ram15 1:15 0 64M 0 disk
5. The best way to Test USB Controller in Linux
The lsusb command is used to report details about USB controllers and all of the units which might be linked to them.
[email protected] ~ $ lsusb Bus 001 System 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp. Bus 001 System 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Basis 2.0 root hub Bus 003 System 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Basis 3.0 root hub Bus 002 System 005: ID 0bda:b728 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Bus 002 System 004: ID 5986:0249 Acer, Inc Bus 002 System 003: ID 0bda:0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5129 Card Reader Controller Bus 002 System 002: ID 045e:00cb Microsoft Corp. Primary Optical Mouse v2.0 Bus 002 System 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Basis 2.0 root hub
You should use the -v choice to generate detailed details about every USB system.
[email protected] ~ $ lsusb -v
6. The best way to Test PCI Units in Linux
PCI units might embrace usb ports, graphics playing cards, community adapters, and so on. The lspci software is used to generate info regarding all PCI controllers in your system plus the units which might be linked to them.
To print details about PCI units run the next command.
[email protected] ~ $ lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Company Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller (rev 0b) 00:02.0 VGA suitable controller: Intel Company Haswell-ULT Built-in Graphics Controller (rev 0b) 00:03.0 Audio system: Intel Company Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller (rev 0b) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP USB xHCI HC (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP HECI #0 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio system: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP HD Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP PCI Specific Root Port 3 (rev e4) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP PCI Specific Root Port 4 (rev e4) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP PCI Specific Root Port 5 (rev e4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP USB EHCI #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Company Lynx Level-LP SMBus Controller (rev 04) 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Specific Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 10) 02:00.0 Community controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8723BE PCIe Wi-fi Community Adapter 03:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Company GM108M [GeForce 840M] (rev a2)
Use the -t choice to provide output in a tree format.
[email protected] ~ $ lspci -t -[0000:00]-+-00.0 +-02.0 +-03.0 +-14.0 +-16.0 +-1b.0 +-1c.0-[01]----00.0 +-1c.3-[02]----00.0 +-1c.4-[03]----00.0 +-1d.0 +-1f.0 +-1f.2 -1f.3
Use the -v choice to provide detailed details about every linked system.
[email protected] ~ $ lspci -v 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Company Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller (rev 0b) Subsystem: Lenovo System 3978 Flags: bus grasp, quick devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: 00:02.0 VGA suitable controller: Intel Company Haswell-ULT Built-in Graphics Controller (rev 0b) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Lenovo System 380d Flags: bus grasp, quick devsel, latency 0, IRQ 62 Reminiscence at c3000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M] Reminiscence at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at 6000 [size=64] Growth ROM at [disabled] Capabilities: Kernel driver in use: i915 .....
7. The best way to Test SCSI Units in Linux
To view all of your scsi/sata units, use the lsscsi command as follows. In the event you would not have the lsscsi software put in, run the next command to put in it.
$ sudo apt-get set up lsscsi [on Debian derivatives] # yum set up lsscsi [On RedHat based systems] # dnf set up lsscsi [On Fedora 21+ Onwards]
After set up, run the lsscsi command as proven:
[email protected] ~ $ lsscsi [0:0:0:0] disk ATA ST1000LM024 HN-M 2BA3 /dev/sda [1:0:0:0] cd/dvd PLDS DVD-RW DA8A5SH RL61 /dev/sr0 [4:0:0:0] disk Generic- xD/SD/M.S. 1.00 /dev/sdb
Use the -s choice to indicate system sizes.
[email protected] ~ $ lsscsi -s [0:0:0:0] disk ATA ST1000LM024 HN-M 2BA3 /dev/sda 1.00TB [1:0:0:0] cd/dvd PLDS DVD-RW DA8A5SH RL61 /dev/sr0 - [4:0:0:0] disk Generic- xD/SD/M.S. 1.00 /dev/sdb -
8. The best way to Test SATA System in Linux
You could find some details about sata units in your system as follows utilizing the hdparm utility. Within the instance under, I used the block system /dev/sda1 which is the exhausting disk on my system.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo hdparm /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: multcount = 0 (off) IO_support = 1 (32-bit) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 56065/255/63, sectors = 2048000, begin = 2048
To print details about system geometry when it comes to cylinders, heads, sectors, measurement, and the beginning offset of the system, use the -g choice.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo hdparm -g /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: geometry = 56065/255/63, sectors = 2048000, begin = 2048
9. The best way to Test Linux File System Info
To collect details about file system partitions, you should utilize the fdisk command. Though the primary performance of the fdisk command is to modify file system partitions, it can be used to view details about the totally different partitions in your file system.
You possibly can print partition info as follows. Bear in mind to run the command as a superuser or else chances are you’ll not see any output.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo fdisk -l WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Desk) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk does not help GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/monitor, 121601 cylinders, complete 1953525168 sectors Items = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector measurement (logical/bodily): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O measurement (minimal/optimum): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcee8ad92 System Boot Begin Finish Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1953525167 976762583+ ee GPT Partition 1 doesn't begin on bodily sector boundary.
10. The best way to Test Linux {Hardware} Elements Information
You too can use the dmidecode utility to extract {hardware} info by studying information from the DMI tables.
To print details about Linux reminiscence, run this command as a superuser.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t reminiscence # dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry level at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS 2.7 current. Deal with 0x0005, DMI kind 5, 24 bytes Reminiscence Controller Info Error Detecting Technique: None Error Correcting Capabilities: None Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave Present Interleave: One-way Interleave Most Reminiscence Module Dimension: 8192 MB Most Complete Reminiscence Dimension: 32768 MB Supported Speeds: Different Supported Reminiscence Sorts: Different Reminiscence Module Voltage: Unknown Related Reminiscence Slots: 4 0x0006 0x0007 0x0008 0x0009 Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities: None ...
To print details about the system, run this command.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t system # dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry level at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS 2.7 current. Deal with 0x0001, DMI kind 1, 27 bytes System Info Producer: LENOVO Product Title: 20354 Model: Lenovo Z50-70 Serial Quantity: 1037407803441 UUID: 29D2B1E4-37D2-11E4-9F6E-28D244EBBD98 Wake-up Kind: Energy Change SKU Quantity: LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70 Household: IDEAPAD ...
To print details about Linux BIOS, run this command.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t bios # dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry level at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS 2.7 current. Deal with 0x0000, DMI kind 0, 24 bytes BIOS Info Vendor: LENOVO Model: 9BCN26WW Launch Date: 07/31/2014 Tackle: 0xE0000 Runtime Dimension: 128 kB ROM Dimension: 4096 kB Traits: PCI is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported EDD is supported Japanese floppy for NEC 9800 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h) Japanese floppy for Toshiba 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h) 5.25"/360 kB floppy providers are supported (int 13h) 5.25"/1.2 MB floppy providers are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/720 kB floppy providers are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/2.88 MB floppy providers are supported (int 13h) 8042 keyboard providers are supported (int 9h) CGA/mono video providers are supported (int 10h) ACPI is supported USB legacy is supported BIOS boot specification is supported Focused content material distribution is supported UEFI is supported BIOS Revision: 0.26 Firmware Revision: 0.26 ...
To print details about the Linux processor, run this command.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t processor # dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry level at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS 2.7 current. Deal with 0x0004, DMI kind 4, 42 bytes Processor Info Socket Designation: U3E1 Kind: Central Processor Household: Core i5 Producer: Intel(R) Company ID: 51 06 04 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Kind 0, Household 6, Mannequin 69, Stepping 1 Flags: ...
Abstract
There are a lot of different methods you should utilize to acquire details about your Linux system {hardware} elements. Most of those instructions use recordsdata within the /proc listing to extract system info.
Hope you discover the following tips and tips helpful and bear in mind to publish a remark in case you wish to add extra info to this or should you face any difficulties in utilizing any of the instructions. Bear in mind to all the time keep linked to Tecmint.
